Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s Ibsen - 996 Words

Are you happy with the person you are? Have you ever thought about the role you play in society, or the impact you have made in people’s lives, like your very own family? Over 23% of the people across the world are not happy about how their life has composed of, and several people depend on one another instead of oneself, especially the women around the nineteenth century, they always depended on men. In 1879 a unique play was created with characters with a role that didn’t define each and every one of them, but slightly towards the end every character revealed who they truly were. This play caused sensation around the world for feminists to hope for a better society. This revolutionary act brought international fame to author Henrik Ibsen. In the context of this play the Biographical Response of the author is influenced on the characters, and the way Ibsen interpret this specific play, the Historical Background of this story was influenced by society around the ninete enth century, and the Feminist Critique produces the lifestyle of women who could not fulfill there proper lives. The play, â€Å"A Doll’s House†, by Henrik Ibsen, modifies critiques on a fruitless marriage between Nora and Torvald Helmer. The play describes the problems that Nora secretly and illegally took out a loan to save Torvald’s life. Throughout the play, the relationship between Nora and Torvald was delicate for it was based largely upon the enactment of gender roles. Torvald who played as a hero, whoShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s Ibsen 1525 Words   |  7 PagesFurthermore, Ibsen points out how men would use their advantage over women and shows how clueless the society was to what women really felt and thought. When Hedda put an end to her own life, the only person who she wasn t content with her situation is judge Brack. While Mr. Tesman was so occupied trying to reproduce the book of Mr. Là ¶vborg - which appears to be much an opportunity for him to take credit on the work of Là ¶vborg - Hedda is in fact debating whether she should submit herself to judgeRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s Ibsen 1459 Words   |  6 PagesHenrik Ibsen is a very common and almost an essential person if you where to judge him by his plays. Ibsen plays are a symbolic representation of how to deal with the reality of social issues. Social issues can be manipulated and used as a powerful political weapon. During this period writers would commonly form information in order to gain the attention and support of the public. Henrik Ibsen understood human nature, he played a crucial role in exploring and illuminating society by uniting honestyRead MoreAn Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House 970 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House Ashleen Kaushal TOPIC: The theme of heredity in the play I. Introduction Henrik Ibsen’s three-act play, A Doll’s House, follows a seemingly typical housewife as she becomes painfully aware of the flaws in her marriage with a condescending, chauvinistic man. Ibsen uses the ideology of a Victorian society as a backdrop to inject the theme of heredity in the play. He employs several characters to demonstrate the different facets of heredity in order to highlight how this conceptRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 1823 Words   |  8 PagesA Doll House is a play that was written by Henrik Ibsen in 1879. Nora Helmer is a wife and mother who secretly loaned money to save her husband’s, Torvald, life. Torvald views and treats Nora has a doll and she goes along with it. As conflict comes and goes Nora decides that her current life is not what she wants for herself. She no longer wants to be anyone’s â€Å"doll† and decides to leave her family in search of independence. This play was controversial during the time it was written becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Dollhouse 960 Words   |  4 PagesHenrik Ibsen pioneers a unique portrayal of the struggle for personal freedom in â€Å"A Dollhouse.† He uses marriage and gender roles indicative of his era as an example of the constraints placed on people in society. His work is controversial and ahead of its time, and Ibsen is able to show in â€Å"A Dollhouse† morality and societal customs do not always walk hand in hand. Through the use of the character Nora, he shows the necessity of sacrifice is sometimes needed to achieve freedom from culture. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s The Dollhouse 2229 Words   |  9 Pagesgather by everyone who reads it. Ibsen wrote this play hoping that people would watch it and then consider what their role is in today’s society. With that being what his ultimate goal was. He did his best to create a character that would never be forgotten. This character is Nora. T his story revolves around Nora finding herself. Ibsen hopes that each individual will find themselves, just as Nora does. A very intelligent individual born in 1828, by the name of Henrik Ibsen who is the one who wrote thisRead MoreAn Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Dollhouse1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe Story A Dollhouse, by Henrik Ibsen is a story that portrays the role of Nora, a middle class mother and her husband Helmer Torvald and the drama within their marriage. The Christmas tree could be considered a symbol in the play because of its general representation of family unity and happiness during the holidays. But as it goes on, we see the tree and how the stripping of it foreshadows another layer of meaning. Along with the Christmas tree, the macaroons in the play symbolize nora’s defianceRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House 1152 Words   |  5 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† addresses the importance of the roles women play throughout this time period. Women are thought to be like â€Å"dolls† to their husbands, by obeying their commands and ke eping a good image. We see the main character, Nora Helmer struggle to keep her perfect image of a great wife as troubles start to arise. Throughout the play we begin to see Nora push through her troubles and find her true identity, Nora shifts from being the loving, perfect wife, to being a strongRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House884 Words   |  4 Pageslying, it can transform minor lies such as white lies into something more dangerous. When one works to conceal a lie, a cloud of deception hangs over those involved and can lead to the destruction of friendships, relationships, and even marriages. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House, he uses the motif of lies and deception to illustrate the fragileness of the Helmer’s marriage, which ultimately leads to its demise. Nora Helmer, a naà ¯ve woman who has never been given the chance to mature into an independentRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House995 Words   |  4 Pagesof imagining and guiding the integration of all these elements belongs to the director. One of the toughest tasks of a director is to reinvigorate a socially important and renowned production while maintaining its original message and composition. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House is a socially important realistic play that portrays the gender dynamics that plagued the nineteenth century and questions the expectations held for women in a household and society. The play is still incredibly influential because

The Role of Violence in Wuthering Heights Essay - 847 Words

The Role of Violence in Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights was written by Emily Bronte and published in 1847. Emily Bronte was born in Thornton, Yorkshire in 1818, but her family moved to a nearby village called Haworth when she was eighteen months old. This is where Bronte spent most of her life, seldom venturing beyond the surrounding area of her village. Emily was close to her siblings,Anne,Charlotte and Branwell, probably because her mother had died when she was three and her father was often busy with work.Emily and her siblings were all keen on reading and literature.Before writing Wuthering Heights Bronte wrote poems and stories about a fantasy world named Gondal.She contributed to a†¦show more content†¦At the beginning of Wuthering Heights Mr.Lockwood, who is the new tenant of Thrushcross Grange, visits his landlord Heathcliff for the first time and is intrigued by the mysterious, dark-skinned gypsy. On a second visit he is forced to stay at Wuthering Heights because a storm prevents him from being able to return home safely. Whilst there he reads some of Catherines diary and encounters Catherines ghost when he dreams. Nellys story begins with Mr. Earnshaw returning home with a dirty ragged child whom he named Heathcliff after his dead son. Hindley does not like this new arrival to his family and is jealous of the attention and love Heathcliff receives from his father. Catherine however forms a close friendship with the sullen boy which later leads to love between the two.Wuthering Heights is the story of the love between Catherine and Heathcliff and the people around them. Heathcliff stirs Lockwoods curiosity so much that he requests his house keeper Nelly Dean to tell him Heathcliffs story. At this point Nelly takes over the narration.At the end of the novel Mr. Lockwood returns to Wuthering Heights to find his landlord,Heathcliff, has died. There are many references to violence throughout Wuthering Heights. Im going to concentrate on chapter 17 because it containsShow MoreRelatedWuthering Heights By Emily Bronte1231 Words   |  5 Pages The novel Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontà « contains many theme and one of them is violence. As an example of that, I will use two excerpts of Wuthering Heights, the first one from Chapter 4, â€Å"’See here wife! [†¦] though hardness, not gentleness, made him give little trouble† (Brontà «, P. 25 – 27), the second one from Chapter 20, â€Å"‘Hallo, Nelly!’ cried Mr Hethcliff, when he saw me. [†¦] und what wer gooid enough fur him’s gooid enough fur yah, Aw’s rather think!’â€Å" (Brontà «, P. 150 – 152). Both timesRead MoreWuthering Heights By Emily Bronte1099 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Wuthering Heights† is the epitome of classical literature written by Emily Bronte in 1847. This masterpiece unfolds the story of two lovers, Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff and how their intense love for each other succumbed to revenge. The novel centralises around the theme of revenge through the use of gothi c elements. Gothic Literature and is a combination of fiction, horror and romanticism. Wuthering Heights effectively employs gothic literature elements to emphasis the characters, plotRead MoreWuthering Heights A New Gothic875 Words   |  4 PagesWuthering Heights A New Gothic Wuthering Heights is considered one of the greatest Gothic novels written by Emily Bronte, the only novel published under the name Ellis Bell. It is a tragic love story that presents the consuming passion between Heathcliff and Catherine. These two characters live under the pressures of social class and gender inequality. One of the classic features of Gothic literature is the supernatural. Bronte succeeds in combing the Gothic elements with romantic themes andRead MoreWuthering Heights by Emily Brontà « : A Perfect Misanthropist’s Heaven1585 Words   |  6 Pagessinister, and above all, hopeless. This essential element of gothic, with the inclusion of the supernatural, takes the main stage in Emily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Wuthering Heights. This story of romance, mystery, and violence is not only the epitome of the gothic novel, but also a social commentary that rings true for the human race in its entirety. In a sense, Wuthering Heights is a true story, not because the c haracters and events are factual, but because Brontà « writes the story in a way that the truth is left up toRead More The Importance of Setting in Developing a Theme for Wuthering Heights by Bronte839 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Emily Bronte wrote Wuthering Heights England was going through a time of great change. It?s past agrarian society was changing and the common man was able to obtain wealth. Setting helps us to further understand the conflict between the natural world and cultured humanity, through the two main houses in text, and the social situation on the English Moors. Wuthering Heights uses this time of social unrest to develop the theme of the natural world in conflict with cultured humanity. An exampleRead MoreWuthering Heights By Emily Bronte1350 Words   |  6 Pagessometimes conflicting, genres. Wuthering Heights, written by the famous Emily Brontà «, is one pointed example of a divisive novel in this sense. Although it possesses characteristics of a diverse range of literature, inconsistencies undermine many standard categorizations. Wuthering Heights is far too twisted and its concept of love far too flawed to be a romantic novel, although the saga of Heathcliff and Cathy is undoubtedly a love story. As a whole, Wuthering Heights is best described as a GothicRead MoreCharacterization in Wuthering Heights Essay1743 Words   |  7 PagesWuthering Heights deals with the very nature of controversy and paradox. The novel expresses deep criticisms of social conventions, and Brontà « uses her characters in their incongruous surroundings to exemplify her concerns of the strict social code which she herself was expected to abide by, whilst remaining true to the principle s she considered most important. Wuthering Heights challenges orthodoxy with heterodoxy, of which destruction and chaos triumph over social pretensions. The most undeniablyRead MoreComparison Of Wuthering Heights And Othello 1443 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and contrast how love is explored in ‘Wuthering Heights’ and ‘Othello’ The theme of love is found throughout the complete history of literature and is still being explored in a vast majority of works today. It is a theme that brings strong emotions to both the characters and the audience. â€Å"Love is a smoke made with the fume of sighs†, an extract from Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is one of the examples of this love throughout literature. This quote shows the negative side of love, â€Å"madeRead MoreThe Importance of the Setting in Wuthering Heights Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of the Setting in Wuthering Heights There are numerous approaches to analyzing and understanding a novel, with the setting being one of utmost importance. It is one of the first aspects noted by readers because it can potentially increase their identification of specific motifs, and subsequently themes, through repetitively emphasizing the natural setting that penetrates conversations, incidences, thoughts, and behaviors. The author typically creates a setting that facilitatesRead MoreThe Victorian Society of Wuthering Heights637 Words   |  3 Pagesand potential violence of the outside world. (P, 341) A woman’s role was to provide a safe, stable, and well-organised environment for their husbands and families. However, change was on the horizon with an underlying movement of business and domestic changes both home and abroad, with industrialization, and the suffragist movement. Women were beginning to gain autonomy and began to grasp their opportunities, thus significantly curtailing male supremacy and the d efinable acceptable ‘role’ of the woman

Confidence Interval and Reflective Writing Tips free essay sample

Reflective Writing Tips Reflective writing is where you revisit experiences and write down your thoughts about them, asking questions such as: †¢What did I notice? †¢Why did it happen this way? †¢ How was I changed by this? †¢ What might I have done differently? †¢How could I have handled the situation differently in hindsight? †¢ What have I learnt about myself? †¢ How do I interact in a team? †¢ How did I feel? †¢Why did I react the way I did? †¢How can I improve for next time? You will need to do a lot of research, There is a reading list provided as a starting point. Do you follow any of the theories? Have you got experiences now that show the theories are true? You do not need to be analyzing other team members actions. This is not a forum to blame everyone else! You should be looking inwards at yourself for answers and looking at your own reactions to the situations and how you could improve and grow. This is not a report so you dont need to follow report format. You can lay it out however you want to. It should mainly be about what you have learnt in PASBD but you could add in some personal experience if you wish. You will need proper SHU Harvard referencing and a bibliography. Leaflet attached. Dont be too descriptive about the detail of what happened, it is more about your analysis of why the things happened that did. Finally I have two examples from people who have done this assignment previously, one bad and one very good. Bad Example approx 40% As a final year student, the reflection on team building or team working is difficult when you dont know the people you are working with. The first test is to communicate in various forms of communications which are needed to arrange times to meet and possibly exchange contact details at this stage so you know who, where and what a person looks like when its time to meet. Personally when the first group was formed, the initial test was to email group members to arrange possible times to meet, however I was lucky enough to have two members within my group to which I have worked with before throughout my course, therefore there was a built relationship already which made work carried out easier. This meant I know the capability, thrive and enthusiasm of those individuals to carry out given task, although one of them can be a bit bossy, on the other hand it was more difficult to predict what the other members would be like, as for not knowing who they are and what kind of a person they are this bought my confidence levels down. When faced with a situation such as meeting people for the first time, it is always good to start off on the right foot. In my own personal experience the best thing to do was to meet the group and get to know the members and see what they are like. In terms of confidence, it was certain that they all had similar thoughts going through their minds to what an individual like myself or others would bring to the team. When we started the first case which was Atkinsons the two stronger members led the way and the rest of us were quite happy to let them take control. We decided that we shouldnt move to Meadowhall which turned out to be the right choice. The national trust exercise didnt turn out as well as we didn’t think about who we were presenting to. I wasnt happy about the mark for this. Good Example approx 90% When considering what part I might play, I considered what team role I would suit from Belbins (1981) psychological profiles of how people behave, contribute and interrelate with others. Due to my confident and influential personality my perception would have originally been that of the alpha female. To initiate thoughts, make executive decisions and organise the group towards the end goal. Looking at the team r oles outlined, I would have classed myself as a co-ordinator; Mature, confident, a good chairperson; clarifies goals, promotes decision-making, delegates well. This summary reflects how I would try to control the group work to what I want to achieve. Being a naturally confident person I felt that I would be able to exert influence on people to achieve what I wanted by allowing my behavior [to be] controlled by my internal personality (Bateman and Crate, 1993). As tasks began, I found it difficult to let go when tasks were divided and I tried to micro-manage. This lack of trust in other peoples work meant that I put additional pressure and workload on myself. In order to improve my actions (and stress levels) I have to better understand my locus of control (Rotter 1966); whether the event is within(internal) or beyond(external) my personal control. I have come to learn that winning is not everything and too great a focus on it can block learning. Problems came to head when my considered personal strength was mixed with another strong character, I felt like I had to fight to get my point across. I felt beaten by constant, critical comment as she would often counteract my ideas or discard them. However, we found that our debates achieved an effective balance and we produced a high quality presentation by using constructive criticism. I realise now that she was not aiming to target or discredit my ideas or work but she was just trying to achieve a better result by challenging my suggestions. I have learnt that in future I should value all criticisms as they can enhance my performance. Finally Its all about the journey and not the destination. Focus on the process and learning with an internal emphasis. Its not about whether you got the tasks right or wrong but about what you learned about yourself and life whilst doing them.

Silent Spring Essays - Biology, Natural Environment,

Silent Spring Rachel Louise Carson (1907-64), was an American marine biologist, and author of widely read books on ecological themes. Carson was born in Springdale, Pennsylvania, and educated at the former Pennsylvania College for Women and Johns Hopkins University. Rachel Carson taught Zoology at the University of Maryland from 1931 to 1936. She was an aquatic biologist at the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries and its successor, the Fish and Wildlife Service, from 1936 to 1952. Rachel Carson wrote 4 books including The Sea Around Us for which she was awarded the 1952 National Book Award for nonfiction. At the end of Rachel Carson's career she wrote Silent Spring, which questioned the use of Chemical Pesticides and was responsible for arousing world wide concern for the preservation of the environment. Silent Spring takes a hard look at the effects of the insecticides, weed killers and other common products as well as the use of sprays in agriculture. By introducing these deadly substances, we have poisoned or lakes and streams, or wild and domestic animals, and even ourselves. The book focuses on the importance of balance within the environment. Rachel Carson wrote... "Where spraying destroys not only the insects but also their principle enemy, the birds. When later there is a resurgence in the insect population, as almost always happens, the birds are not there to keep their numbers in check." Carson examines the way dangerous chemicals have been used without sufficient research or regard for their potential harm to wildlife, water, soil, and humans, creating an evil chain of poisoning and death. The over use of DDT, dieldrin and other pesticides eventually poisoned an entire world of living things. Silent Spring not only recognizes the severity of the chemicals usage but recognizes the effect of substance use on a community. It helped people to look at the whole picture, to look into the future instead of the now. Carson helps to change this way of thinking by offering solutions to the existing problems. She helps to show that nature will take care of nature. Many times the best solutions are the introduction of other plants or animals. For many thousands of years man has been battling nature, when if he took a step back, he would see that if he just worked with it his problems could be solved. Rachel Carson helped many people to see this ideal and is partly responsible for starting the environmental movement that has become so apparent in today's society. There are many people that do not support Rachel Carson's findings about DDT. These people challenge her experiments and say that the results would have been worse had the controls not been manipulated. The direct effect of DDT may be different on all types of animals. What the people fail to notice that challenge her statements are the chemical bonds that are produced with DDT and other chemical substances. The significance of Rachel Carson's book was not the scientific accuracy but instead the position it took on DDT. Why this book is so recognized has nothing to do with the actual data, it has to do with awareness and the beginning of global consciousness. Suddenly we are not just a species we are a planet. Carson helped us to realize that everything you do has a greater effect on something else. The arguments of human death due to the banning of DDT are serious ones, and need to be addressed. Many critics say that in many ways Silent Spring has caused more death than it has prevented. In no way do i feel that, that was Rachel Carson's intention. This book is merely a tool for awareness and offers solutions to specific agricultural problems. The critics of Carson are looking to this book, as an answer to all environmental questions instead of looking to it as a guide. I don't feel that in any way Rachel Carson wrote this book for that reason. There are two issues in which i do not feel have been addressed properly. The first is the relationship with government and big business and the second the issue of human survival from insect born diseases. There has been little mention about how the legislation would change the thinking. This book was released in the early 60's and just recently have we been seeing changes with law and business practice. DDT was shown in Rachel Carson's book to be the root of all evil. It failed to show the good it had done and the lives that it had actually saved.

Cambodia - The Past and Present essays

Cambodia - The Past and Present essays Cambodia, then, like so many other nations in the developing world, is an agricultural country, and, regarding the cash incomes of its people, desperately poor. In the past, Cambodia was able to earn foreign exchange to pay for imported goods by selling agricultural surpluses-of rice and corn, for example-or plant crops, such as pepper, rubber, and cotton. Its normal patterns of trade were broken up in the wars of the 1970s. When the fighting died down, Cambodian trade became lively again, but more informal, which benefited many individual traders but deprived the government of money it needed to pay for essential services, like electricity, schools, water, and highways. There was some question at the end of the 1980s if Cambodia would ever be able to trade its way back into the kind of prosperity that it had enjoyed in earlier times. Of course, the word "prosperity" is a relative one. Even in the peaceful 1960s, Cambodia was one of the poorest countries in eastern Asia, at least regarding individual income. It is hard for even a relatively poor Westerner to imagine just how poor-in terms of cash, choices about the future, and possessions-a Cambodian farmer or unskilled laborer has always been, or what an annual income of less than the equivalent of two hundred dollars means in terms of the everyday life of farmers and their families. In nearly all Cambodian families, everyone works hard to grow the food and earn money needed to survive. Even so, by international standards, most Cambodians are very poor. Being poor in Cambodia means eating less than a pound of meat a month, and a family's earning less than six hundred dollars from a rice crop that has occupied most of its labor, intensively, for the equivalent of three months. For most Cambodians, there is a little question of new clothes, gadgets, or vacations. The money from the rice crop has to last the farming family for an entire year unless the husband leaves hom...

6 Strategies for Teaching Idioms in any Election

6 Strategies for Teaching Idioms in any Election Politicians are always campaigning. They run  campaigns to get votes to win their political office or seat. They run campaigns to win votes to keep their political office or seats. It does not matter if the politician is running for local, state or federal office, a politician is always communicating with the voters, and much of that communication is in the language of campaigns.    In order to understand what a politician is saying, however, students might need to become familiar with campaign vocabulary. Explicit teaching of election terms important for all students, but particularly important with English language learners (ELs, ELLs, EFL, ESL). That is because campaign vocabulary is filled with idioms,  which means a word or phrase that is not taken  literally. Take for example, the idiomatic phrase to throw ones hat in the ring: Announce  ones  candidacy  or  enter  a  contest,  as  in The  governor  was  slow  to  throw  his  hat  in  the  ring  in  the  senatorial  race.This  term  comes  from  boxing,  where  throwing  a  hat  in  the  ringindicated  a  challenge;  today  the  idiom  nearly  always  refers  to  political  candidacy.  [c.  1900] (The Free Dictionary-Idioms) Six Strategies for Teaching Idioms Some of the political idioms would confuse any level of student, so using the following six strategies may be helpful: 1. Provide these election idioms in context:  Have students find examples of idioms in speeches or campaign materials. 2. Stress that idioms are in most often used in the spoken form, not written. Help students to understand that idioms are conversational, rather than formal.  Have students practice the idioms by creating  sample  conversations that they can share  to help them understand.   For example, take the following dialogue featuring the idiom â€Å"political hot potato† in school: Jack:  I have to write my top two issues that I would like to debate.For one of the issues, I am thinking of choosing Internet privacy. Some politicians see this issue as a political hot potato.Jane:  Mmmmm. I love hot potatoes. Is that whats on the menu for lunch?Jack:  No, Jane, a political hot potato is an issue that  can be so sensitive that those taking a stand on the issue could risk being embarrassed. 3. Be sure to explain how each word in an idiom may have a different meaning then what is meant in the whole idiomatic phrase. Take, for example, the term convention bounce: Convention means: a meeting or formal assembly, as of representatives or delegates, for discussion of and action on particular matters of common concernBounce means: a  sudden  spring  or  leapThe term convention bounce does not mean that the one of the actions the representatives or the entire assembly performed was a spring or leap.   Instead convention bounce means the  surge of support that U.S. presidential candidates in the  Republican  or  Democratic  party typically enjoy after the televised  national convention  of their party. Teachers should be aware that some of the idiomatic  vocabulary is also  cross-disciplinary.  For example, personal appearance can refer to a persons wardrobe and demeanor, but in the context of an election, it means an event that a candidate attends in person.   4. Teach a few idioms at a time:   5-10 idioms at a time is ideal. Long lists will confuse students; not all idioms are necessary to understand the election process. 5. Encourage student collaborations in studying idioms, and use the following strategies: Ask students to discuss idioms with one another;Ask students to restate the meaning of each idiom in their own words;Ask students to compare their descriptions of an idiom;Have students explain to each other any new information they have learned about the idioms;Find any areas of disagreement or confusion and help clarify;Have students can make revisions to their own work. (NOTE:  Ã‚  let students whose primary existing knowledge base is still in their native language to write in it.) 6. Use idioms in teaching the election process:  Teachers can use specific examples  (exemplification)  Ã‚  with what students know in order to teach some of the vocabulary.   For example, the teacher may write on the board, â€Å"The candidate stands by his record.† Students may then say what they think the term means. The teacher can then discuss with the students the nature of a  candidates record  (something is written down or what a person says). This will help students understand how the context of the word  record  is more specific in an election: record: a list showing a candidates or elected officials voting history (often in relation to a specific issue) Once they understand the meaning of the word, students can research a particular candidates record in the news or on websites such as  Ontheissues.org. Supporting the C3 Frameworks by Teaching Idioms Teaching students the popular idioms used in political campaigns allows teachers the opportunity to incorporate  civics  into their curriculum. The new  Social Studies Frameworks for College, Career, and Civic Life  (C3s), outlines the requirements teachers must follow to prepare students to participate in a productive constitutional democracy: ....[student] civic engagement requires knowledge of the history, principles, and foundations of our American democracy, and the ability to participate in civic and democratic processes (31). Helping students understand the language of political campaigns- our democratic processes -makes them better-prepared citizens in the future when they exercise their right to vote. Vocabulary Software Program-Quizlet One way to help students become familiar with any election year vocabulary is to use the digital platform  Quizlet: This free software gives teachers and students a variety of modes: specialized learning mode, flashcards, randomly generated tests, and collaboration tools to study words. On Quizlet teachers can create, copy, and modify vocabulary lists to suit the needs of their students; not all words need to be included. 53 Political Election Idioms and Phrases The following list of idioms is also available on Quizlet: Political Election Idioms and Phrases-Grades 5-12. 1.Always a bridesmaid, never a bride:  used to talk about someone who is never the most important person in a situation. 2.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush:  Something of some value that on already has; not risking what one has for (im)possibilities. 3.Bleeding Heart:  A term describing people whose hearts bleed with sympathy for the downtrodden; used to criticize liberals who favor government spending for social programs. 4.The buck stops here:  said by someone who is responsible for making decisions and who will be blamed if things go wrong. 5.Bully Pulpit:  The Presidency, when used by the President to inspire or moralize. Whenever the President seeks to rouse the American people, he is said to be speaking from the bully pulpit. When the term first came into use, bully was slang for first rate or admirable. 6.Caught between a rock and a hard place:  in a very difficult position; facing a hard decision. 7.A chain is only as strong as its weakest link:  A successful group or team relies on each member doing well. 8.Cheat/fool me once, shame on you. Cheat/fool me twice, shame on me!:  After being tricked once, one should be wary, so that the person cannot trick you again. 9.Close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades:  Coming close but not succeeding is not good enough. 10.Closing the barn door after the horse escapes:If people try to fix something after the problem has occurred. 11.Convention Bounce:  Traditionally, after the official convention of the party of a US Presidential candidate during an election year, that partys nominee would see an increase in voter approval in polls. 12.Do not count your chickens before they hatch:  you should not count on something before it happens. 13.Do not make a mountain out of a molehill:  meaning its not that important. 14.Do not put all your eggs in one basket:  to make everything dependent on only one thing; to place all ones resources in one place, account, etc. 15.Do not put the horse before the cart:  Do not do things in the wrong order. (This can imply that the person you are addressing is impatient.) 16.The end justifies the means:  A good outcome excuses any wrongs committed to attaining it. 17.Fishing Expedition:  An investigation with no defined purpose, often by one party seeking damaging information about another. 18.Give him/her enough rope to hang him/herself: I f one gives someone enough freedom of action, they may destroy themselves by foolish actions. 19.Hang your hat:  to depend on or believe in something. 20.He who hesitates is lost:  One who cannot come to a decision will suffer for it. 21.Hindsight is 20/20:  A perfect understanding of an event after it has happened; a term usually used with sarcasm in response to criticism of ones decision. 22.If at first you do not succeed, try and try again:  Dont let a first-time failure stop further attempts. 23.If wishes were horses then beggars would ride:  If people could achieve their dreams simply by wishing for them, life would be very easy. 24.If you can not take the heat, stay out of the kitchen:  If the pressures of some situation are too much for you, you should leave that situation. (Somewhat insulting;implies that the person addressed cannot tolerate pressure.) 25.It is not whether you win or lose, it is how you play the game:Reaching a goal is less important than giving our best effort. 26.Jumping on the bandwagon:  to support something that is popular. 27.Kicking the Can down the Road:  a delaying of a difficult decision made by passing short and temporary measures or laws instead. 28.Lame Duck:  An officeholder whose term has expired or cannot be continued, who thus has lessened power. 29.The lesser of two evils:  The lesser of two evils is the principle that when faced with selecting from two unpleasant options, the one which is least harmful should be chosen. 30.Let us run it up the flagpole and see who salutes:  to tell people about an idea in order to see what they think of it. 31.Opportunity only knocks once:You will only have one chance to do something important or profitable. 32.A political football:  A problem that doesnt get solved because the politics of the issue get in the way, or the issue is very controversial. 33.A political hot potato:  Something potentially dangerous or embarrassing. 34.Politically correct/incorrect (PC):  To use or not use language that is offensive to some person or group - often shortened to PC. 35.Politics makes strange bedfellows:  Political interests can bring together people who otherwise have little in common. 36.Press the flesh: to shake hands. 37.Put my foot in my mouth:  to say something that you regret; to say something stupid, insulting, or hurtful. 38.Reach Across the Aisle:  A term for making an effort to negotiate with member(s) of the opposite party. 39.Skeletons in the closet:  a hidden and shocking secret. 40.The squeaky wheel gets the grease:  When people say that the squeaky wheel gets the grease, they mean that the person who complains or protests the loudest attracts attention and service. 41.Sticks and stones may break my bones, but names will never harm me:  Something in response to an insult which means that people cannot hurt you with bad things they say or write about you. 42.Straight as an arrow:  Honest, genuine qualities in a person. 43.Talking Points:  A set of notes or summaries on a particular topic that is recited, word for word, whenever the topic is discussed. 44.Throw in the towel:  to give up. 45.Throw your hat into the ring:  to announce your intention of entering a competition or election. 46.Toe the party line: to conform to the rules or standards of the political party. 47.To get on/off your soapbox:  To talk a lot about a subject you feel strongly about. 48.Vote with your feet:  To express ones dissatisfaction with something by leaving, especially by walking away. 49.Where there is smoke, there is fire:  If it looks like something is wrong, something probably is wrong. 50.Whistlestop: a brief appearance of a political candidate in a small town, traditionally on the observation platform of a train. 51.Witch Hunt:  A vindictive, often irrational, investigation that preys on public fears. Refers to witch hunts in 17th century Salem, Massachusetts, where many innocent women accused of witchcraft were burned at the stake or drowned. 52.You can lead a horse to water but you can not make it drink:  You can present someone with an opportunity, but you cannot force him or her to take advantage of it. 53.You can not judge a book by its cover:  something that you say which means you cannot judge the quality or character of someone or something just by looking at them.

Global business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global business - Essay Example The learnt from the report will help a reader to analyze the internal and external aspects of business of the newspaper industry in details. It has been analyzed in this report that the newspaper industry has grown more competitive and digital in nature down the years. Table of Contents Introduction 4 Findings 4 PEST Analysis and its Business Benefit 4 PEST Analysis of the Newspaper Industry in the Developed Economies 4 SWOT Analysis of ‘The Guardian’ 6 Lewin’s Field Force Analysis 8 Field Force Analysis of the Newspaper Industry in the Developed Economies 8 Conclusion 10 Introduction Over the time mankind has combated several wars to develop and enhance their personal skills. Literacy is considered as one of the key indicators for economic development in a nation. It has been proved infinite number of times that the contribution of education in the field of growth of welfare and well being is perilous. In the contemporary world, it can be stated that those nation s that possesses high literacy level are able to perform better in the global market places. The worlds of economic, social, cultural and political life of human beings have series of unremitting incidences. The improvement of literacy and growing awareness of the individuals about the current situations in the world around them have augmented the austerity of popularity of newspapers. Even today, despite the different types of media like television, internet etc., the use of newspapers positions itself at the zenith in the global media industry. However, it would be interesting to note that the nature of the print media industry in the developed and developing economies is substantially different. This report will throw a light on the newspaper industry in details for especially the developed economies and would also compare the same for the developing countries in the globe (Westwood, 2005). Findings PEST Analysis and its Business Benefit PEST is actually an acronym for the four w ords political, economical, social and technological. It has been analyzed by the scholars that this technique of analysis helps to implicitly analyze the business environment of any industry. This helps the analysts in the industries to formulate efficient business strategies for their respective business segments. The future impending business difficulties and the risks can also be minimized with the help of a good PEST analysis for a company. It is also true that the opportunities in a business and resources can also be used in the most cost effective manner with the help of PEST analysis of a business firm. PEST Analysis of the Newspaper Industry in the Developed Economies Political In the developed economies, the impact of political changes on the newspaper industry is massive. A new legislative act or the occurrence of an election or the emergence of a new political turmoil brings about large changes in the nature of interests of the reporters in the newspaper industry. The po litical parties in the developed economies like U.S. influence the newspaper companies to create readership interests according to the requirements. Though the newspaper industry does not desire much of political regulations over its operations, political intervention does matter to its operations.

Evaluation of Open Source Operating System Assignment

Evaluation of Open Source Operating System - Assignment Example There are also companies who concentrate their efforts on open source software like Sun and IBM who consider the open source systems as an opportunity to undermine the monopoly of Microsoft in the computer software. The third group of users is public institutions and government agencies especially in Europe who consider the use of open source systems as a viable alternative for US technology and because of the increased safety and security that can be built in the open source systems.  There are also companies who concentrate their efforts on open source software like Sun and IBM who consider the open source systems as an opportunity to undermine the monopoly of Microsoft in the computer software. The third group of users is public institutions and government agencies especially in Europe who consider the use of open source systems as a viable alternative for US technology and because of the increased safety and security that can be built in the open source systems.  Definition a nd Functions of Open source Systems (OSS) Originally at the time of initial developments, the software was known as ‘free software’ as defined by the GNU project. The term ‘open source’ has been coined later and according to Stallman it is an attempt to express the same kind of concept as that of free software but with a more prudent and palatable approach. The functions of OSS include:(a) Facilitating and monitoring user interface(b) Effective job management to save computer usage time(c) Efficient task management to act as an aid to facilitate multi-task completions(d) Efficient data management to accommodate more volume of data  (e) Better device management for an efficient handling of the associated hardware and(f) Ensuring the security of data which is the foremost requirement of any efficient operating system.

Dynamics of Secondary class Teaching Essay Example for Free

Dynamics of Secondary class Teaching Essay Imagine in your first year of teaching, your Department Chair imparts the following piece of advice, Good control depends on finding the right gimmick. How do you feel about that statement? Some scholars have defined teaching to be more of a calling than just a profession. Teaching therefore being a way of life requires teaches to have a mix of techniques for the transfer of knowledge to the student to be successful. According to Khan, (2007) apart from being resourceful, learning continuously and being adaptable, a teacher is required to know how to balance between competing needs and be good-humored since fun is a recipe for effective learning, Murray, (2009). Classroom control is of paramount importance for learning objectives to be achieved, notwithstanding the show of mischievous behavior by students. The statement that Good control depends on finding the right gimmick. is however limited in scope since it presumes that all student misbehavior is a planned, without putting due regard that at times, student misbehavior is spontaneous. Controlling student behavior is a product of several factors, as argued by Ronning and Glover (1987), such as the degree of motivation, how the student/teacher relationship is, how well the teacher has been consistent on their behavior and how the teachers expectations are understood by the students, this factors take time to be internalized and be exhibited by the students, and instant perception is hard to be achieved – even by use of instant right gimmick, it is therefore void to argue that good control is a product of a single constraint- finding the right gimmick. To achieve good control, a teacher should do thorough analysis to understand the root causes of the unintended behavior and the disparity between the existing behavior and the teachers expectations. The teacher should therefore respond and use appropriate means depending on the cause on the identified misbehavior, dealing with control is therefore a process not an instantaneous activity, which can be solved be some simple gimmicks. This is in agreement with Fritz, (1972) who argued that managing discipline is more protracted than retreating castigatory tricks, this was also highlighted by Kindsvatter and Levine, (1980). However, for good behavior to be instilled on the students, teachers are expected to take quick remedial actions when indiscipline occurs. To maintain good standards however, hence achieving control in classrooms, preventive measures are very important and this is a process which requires the participation of the teacher and the student, therefore the departmental chairs advice is constrained as it attempts to suggests that control in instantaneous and can be achieved by gimmicks. References Fritz, Redl. (1972). When We Deal with Children . Michigan :Free Press. Khan,Badrul. (2007). Flexible learning in an information society. Houston: Idea Group Inc. Kindsvatter, Richard and Levine, Mary. (1980). The Myths of Discipline. Delta: Phi Delta Kappa International. Murray, W. (2009). Learning Is Fun. New York: Ladybird Books. Ronning, Royce, and Glover, John. (1987). Historical foundations of educational psychology, Perspectives on individual differences. London: Springer Books.

The Role of Faith and the Nechung Oracle in Tibetan Culture :: Religion

The Role of Faith and the Nechung Oracle in Tibetan Culture In the United States, we pride ourselves on our objectiveness, our ability not to get caught up in religious fervor. We often think that people who believe deeply in their religion and involve it in all aspects of their lives are "fanatics"—that they are somehow beneath us, less deserving of our respect. We are taught almost from birth that the scientific method is the only way to look at the world. We learn the steps of the scientific method (observation, hypothesis, test, and theory) in elementary school. This philosophy then colors how we think of everything after that. Faith is seen as an undesirable quality and has no place in our culture. Nothing is real unless it can be proven. In Tibet, on the other hand, the Tibetan people have a profound respect for their religion. Buddhism permeates every aspect of their lives. As Harrer says in Seven Years in Tibet, The daily life of Tibetans is ordered by religious belief. Pious texts are constantly on their lips; prayer wheels turn without ceasing; prayer flags wave on the roofs of houses and the summits of mountain passes; the rain, the win, all the phenomena of nature, the lonely peaks of the snow-clad mountains bear witness to the universal presence of the gods whose anger is manifested by the hailstorm, and whose benevolence is displayed by the fruitfulness and fertility of the land. (Harrer, 1953 p 187) Religion had a part in everything from politics to when they were allowed to change clothing for the season. One day the summer season was officially declared to have begun, and summer clothes might be worn. One had no right to leave off one’s furs when one wanted to. Every year, after considerations of the omens, a day was fixed on which the nobles and monks put on summer dress†¦Summer dress must be worn from that date only. (Harrer, 1953 p182) Because religion is such an integral part of their lives, Buddhism unites the Tibetan people. I propose that the State

Nokia Strategic Management Case Essay

Download: NOKIA STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES WITH SOLUTION PDF There are numerous totally free Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution that are constantly composed and also archived in our online library. If you are interested in Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution that will satisfy your term paper requires, then you put on not have to to worry about that to get long. This is since there is a big database of different essays as well as term paper options to obtain school students. You will discover that you actually do not need to compose the Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution in order for you to get the high ratings in ones own research paper. This is due to the fact that there’s great deals of authors that constantly existing solutions to different essay requirements. This implies you will certainly have the ability to get the most effective Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution that you really desired for your term paper for free. Registering for the complimentary compositions is absolutely free of cost as well as there are no monthly fees. This makes it in fact the very best site on the planet that is the leading selection for university, senior high school as well as university students to resolve their research paper requires. So ask on your own this question, exactly what is the factor in buying essays when you can lastly obtain the very best Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution for free? You can do this, it is incredibly just, registration will not take much of your energy as well as you are already there. All the research paper troubles that you will certainly be having, you will  certainly always acquire their options right here. This is the ideal opportunity for you to stop fretting yourself about creating Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution even though the due date is near. By having a basic computer mouse click, you acquire the essay that is required and also provide it also eventually for assessment. Acquire your free Nokia Strategic Management Case Studies With Solution right now. Determine today and also begin a totally new life of providing one of the most reliable options to your essay inclinations today. It is the best encounter you’ve acquired never hand in your life. It is all staring at you now. Make good use of this possibility and fix your composition requires.

Dances with Wolves Essay

Making friends with wolves and Indians? Two things an American soldier would have never dreamed of. â€Å"Dances with Wolves† is the name rightly given to Lieutenant John Dunbar by the Sioux Indian tribe he befriends. The director, Kevin Costner stars in this award winning film masterpiece. The plot of this movie involves unrealistic aspects that are convoluted yet resolved. The dialogue was simplistic and believable due to the complexity of communication between the white people and Indians. The unrealistic aspects begin the movie off when John Dunbar rides horse- back into confederate lines alone, and comes out without harm done. This act was viewed as an act of suicide yet John undermines this unbelievably. The themes in this movie include racism, love and friendship, and loyalty and betrayal. Racism is shown by the white American soldiers who judge the Indians by stereotypes before they meet them. John Dunbar is the exception because he shows compassion and peace toward them which is ultimately beneficial as they help each other in various ways, one being the buffalo hunt. Friendship is created by John showing kindness to the Sioux, and love comes later on when John marries the white Sioux Stands with Fists. When the Union soldiers came out to Dunbar’s soldier fort, then he returns from living with the Sioux, they mistake him as a trader. John unsuccessfully tries to show them he has not betrayed the Union, but made peace with the Sioux. The recurring symbols in Dances with Wolves are presented in the title: a wolf and a dance. Dunbar is at first afraid of the wolf, as the wolf is of him. Over time, Dunbar gets over his fear and becomes fascinated with the wolf. He gains the wolf’s trust by feeding him. Eventually, they become used to each other. It is unusual for these two natural enemies to become friends, but Dunbar’s willingness to â€Å"get to know† the wolf leads him to  understand that the stereotypical view of the wolf as a savage killer is not accurate. This is an exact comparison of the relationship of Dunbar and the Sioux Indian tribe. The acting in Dances with Wolves was well done and very genuine in my personal opinion. Kevin Costner performed astoundingly well as John Dunbar. He really seemed to connect with the character. Also, as Kevin being the director gave a n advantage and emphasis on the way the acting turned out as a whole. The actors who played Indians were amazing, as they should be for being professional actors. These roles were tough to encompass but as a whole the cast was phenomenal. The viewers of this film, from my perspective were satisfied with the film and did not get bored as the action packed scenes keep you on your toes and engrossed in the movie at all times. The costumes were very realistic and and well made. The film was quite advanced being made in the time period it was. St. David’s field in Tennessee had a lot to offer the creation of the movie. The significance of the set was the vast landscape performed on. The great prairie has no limit on space which I feel the film benefited greatly from. The buffalo hunt could not have been filmed differently in regards to the land. Also the amount of horseback riding was greatly influenced by the plethora of open field and grassland. At the end of Dances with Wolves, the viewer is left awestruck by the forbidden love of a white man and his foreign friends. The courage of this white man to fight against all odds and accomplish something miraculous is unbelievable for the time period, making it the movie of a generation that will live on in the hearts of the viewers.

Platos Poesis In Republic Essays - Platonism, Dialogues Of Plato

Plato's Poesis In Republic Essays - Platonism, Dialogues Of Plato Plato's Poesis In Republic Plato's three main objections to poetry are that poetry is not ethical, philosophical or pragmatic. It is not ethical because it promotes undesirable passions, it is not philosophical because it does not provide true knowledge, and it is not pragmatic because it is inferior to the practical arts and therefore has no educational value. Plato then makes a challenge to poets to defend themselves against his criticisms. Ironically it was Plato's most famous student, Aristotle, who was the first theorist to defend literature and poetry in his writing Poetics. Throughout the Republic Plato condemns art in all forms including literature or poetry. Despite the fact that he wrote, Plato advocates the spoken word over the written word. He ranks imitation (mimetic representation) on a lower plane than narrative, even though his own works read like scripts (the Republic is written in dialogue form with characters doing all the talking). It appears as though his reasoning is that imitation of reality is not in itself bad, but imitation without understanding and reason is. Plato felt that poetry, like all forms of art, appeals to the inferior part of the soul, the irrational, emotional cowardly part. The reader of poetry is seduced into feeling undesirable emotions. To Plato, an appreciation of poetry is incompatible with an appreciation of reason, justice, and the search for Truth. To him drama is the most dangerous form of literature because the author is imitating things that he/she is not. Plato seemingly feels that no words are strong enough to condemn drama. Plato felt that all the world's evils derived from one source: a faulty understanding of reality. Miscommunication, confusion and ignorance were facets of a corrupted comprehension of what Plato always strived for - Truth. Plato is, above all, a moralist. His primary objective in the Republic is to come up with the most righteous, intelligent way to live one's life and to convince others to live this way. Everything else should conform in order to achieve this perfect State. Plato considers poetry useful only as a means of achieving this State, that is, only useful if it helps one to become a better person, and if it does not, it should be expelled from the community. Plato's question in Book X is the intellectual status of literature. He states that, the good poet cannot compose well unless he knows his subject, and he who has not this knowledge can never be a poet(Adams 33). Plato says of imitative poetry and Homer, A man is not to be reverenced more than the truth (Adams 31). Plato says this because he believes that Homer speaks of many things of which he has no knowledge, just as the painter who paints a picture of a bed does not necessarily know how to make a bed. His point is that in order to copy or imitate correctly, one must have knowledge of the original. Plato says that imitation is three degrees removed from the truth. Stories that are untrue have no value, as no untrue story should be told in the City. He states that nothing can be learned from imitative poetry. Plato's commentary on poetry in Republic is overwhelmingly negative. In books II and III Plato's main concern about poetry is that children's minds are too impressionable to be reading false tales and misrepresentations of the truth. As stated in book II, For a young person cannot judge what is allegorical and what is literal; anything that he receives into his mind at that age is likely to become indelible and unalterable; and therefore it is most important that the tales which the young first hear should be models of virtuous thought (Adams 19). He is essentially saying that children cannot tell the difference between fiction and reality and this compromises their ability to discern right from wrong. Thus, children should not be exposed to poetry so that later in life they will be able to seek the Truth without having a preconceived, or misrepresented, view of reality. Plato reasons that literature that portrays the gods as behaving in immoral ways should be kept away from children , so that they will not be influenced to act the same way.

How to Write a Perfect Teacher Cover Letter (With Examples)

How to Write a Perfect Teacher Cover Letter (With Examples) Quite simply, teachers rock. They give us so many of the tools we need to get by in life, and in the most Hollywood-ready moments, inspire us to get into poetry and stand on desks. But while we, as a society, see teachers at the head of the classroom, imparting the knowledge one needs to get by in this world, we might not think of the hiring process it takes to get there. But the reality is that every teacher had to go through the very ordinary hiring process to get their jobs, just like everyone else. If you’re a teacher, you want your cover letter to rock every bit as much as you do. First let’s start with the basics of a good cover letter, and what that means for your job search as an educator.Necessity #1: A Personalized IntroductionIf you’re a teacher, your most basic goal is (most likely) to get a job teaching. Great- it’s the same goal as every other person applying for this open position. Your more specific goal with your cover letter is to make su re that your name and qualifications are as memorable as possible, setting a tone that the reader can carry over into reading your resume. This means that you need to engage the reader up front.Whenever possible, make sure you’re addressing your letter (or email, if you’re being all modern about it) to someone specific. Before you start putting together your resume/cover letter package, do a little legwork about who will likely be reading this. If the job listing includes a specific name, great! You’re all set. If not, it’s worth doing a little digging online to see who will be on the receiving end.It’s also important to use the right tone. Definitely don’t go too casual. The fact that you’re likely submitting these online, or writing an email, can lead to a false sense of shortcut familiarity. So even if you’re submitting your cover letter and resume digitally, treat the email like a regular letter.Potential ObstacleYouâ€℠¢re working with an entirely online application process, with no visibility into who might be reading this. If that’s the case, and all you know is the school or school system where you’re applying, try to find information online about who has hiring responsibility for the school district. If that, too fails, go with a generic address like, â€Å"Greetings.† It’s not ideal, but it feels less stiff and formal than the old favorite, â€Å"to whom it may concern.†Good salutation examples:Dear Ms. Rodriguez,  Dear Principal Rodriguez,  Greetings, Ms. Rodriguez,Bad salutation examples:Dear Mudville Public Schools Administrator (too vague/impersonal)  To Ms. Rodriguez, Superintendent of Mudville Public Schools (too formal- you’re not introducing royalty at a state dinner)  Hi: (too impersonal/casual)  To Whom It May Concern: (too formal/too impersonal)You want your cover letter to seem professional, but approachable. The salutation helps set that tone. If you make it seem too much like an impersonal form letter, or the stiff letter of a person who is uncomfortable talking about this job application, you run the risk of not engaging the reader. And I think we all know what happens to application packages that don’t engage the reader. (Spoiler alert: they don’t get read.)Necessity #2: Your Elevator PitchYou’re an educator. You teach. That may be your elevator pitch in its simplest form, but this is your chance to add some necessary color. You should also be very specific about which position for which you’re applying, because there may be other openings in a variety of different teaching roles. If you think you’re applying for the high school English job and somehow your application gets routed to the pile for the elementary school gym teacher position, your very specific letter ensures that you’ll get to the right hands. Your resume would likely do this as well, but this hel ps the reader know up front that what position you’re seeking, and why.And above all, make sure you’re proofreading your letter- and ideally, having a trusted friend look at it as well to make sure you haven’t missed anything. Unfairly or not, teachers are held to the highest standards of grammar and written communication, regardless of whether they teach writing or physics. You know and I know that teachers are human, and prone to mistakes like the rest of us, but you can avoid a lot uncomfortable, unforced errors by adding some extra care with your cover letter.Good pitch example:As a secondary math teacher for more than 10 years, I’ve found that my passion for (and commitment to teaching) have only grown with every year. Even with the complexities of the current educational landscape, the feeling of getting through to that student who just wasn’t â€Å"getting the hang of it,† or helping advanced students achieve their goals, never gets o ld. I have dedicated my career to helping students of all levels master the math skills and concepts they need to go on to college and everyday life beyond high school, and would love to continue that path with Mudville High School.In my current position, I teach algebra, pre-calculus, and calculus to students in grades 9 through 12. Over my ten years of teaching, I’ve made it a point to stay up to date on the most current pedagogy and teaching methods, and use custom lesson planning to develop relevant curricula for students in order to maximize their engagement on complex concepts. I’ve also presented on curriculum planning at the National Federation of Teachers conference, and would bring that enthusiasm and expertise to your school.Bad pitch examples:I would love to teach at your school. Please see my attached CV, and let me know if you have any questions.This is way too little information. Who are you? What experience do you bring? What are you hoping to accomplis h in this job? It shouldn’t be a novel about your life, but you should be providing some context for your resume.Teaching has been my only consuming passion in life. I eat, drink, sleep, and breathe calculus, and will not rest until all of my students are proficient. I have ten years of experience, and will bring nothing but focus and devotion to my next ten years as a math teacher at Mudville High School.Too†¦intense. You want to position yourself as a strong candidate, but that doesn’t mean you have to pretend that you don’t have outside skills, interests, or†¦down time. Readers can see through hyperbole, so it’s best to find a balance between enthusiasm (a necessary part of any job application) and an exaggerated over-sell.Necessity #3: A Strong FinishAlways have a closing that leaves room for follow-up. Yes, the reader knows that they can email you with any questions, but it’s a conversational way to close out the letter and move the reader on to your resume.Good closing example:I would love  to continue my career as an educator with Mudville Public Schools, with its strong reputation for putting students first. If you have any additional questions or if there’s any additional information I can provide, please don’t hesitate to let me know. I look forward to hearing more about this teaching opportunity.Bad closing examples:Please let me know more about this job opening. Thanks.I expect to hear from you within a week. Thank you.In these examples, one teacher suggests that she has put thought and consideration into applying for this particular job. The other teachers, well†¦one closes with the most generic exit possible, and this adds nothing to the cover letter. In the second bad example, it comes off as too demanding, like the writer is evaluating the reader, not vice versa. I know it can be frustrating when you send your application package into the void and don’t hear back right awa y, but demanding a response doesn’t guarantee you’ll get one.A strong closing is important, as it’s one of the few remaining elements between the cover and the resume.Necessity #4: Keep It CleanLike with your resume, you want your cover letter to be clear and easy to read. That means:A standard font. This is not the time to test out â€Å"fun† fonts. Pick something clean and basic, like Times.No huge blocks of text. In a letter, unbroken paragraphs can look like the ramblings of a manifesto. You want your reader to see a series of separate, elegantly outlined points. Short paragraphs, 2-3 at most.Short length. A cover letter should never be more than a page, and even a full page is definitely pushing it. Brevity is the soul of wit, and the friend of application readers everywhere.Good letter body example:As a secondary math teacher for more than 10 years, I’ve found that my passion for (and commitment to teaching) have only grown with every year. E ven with the complexities of the current educational landscape, the feeling of getting through to that student who just wasn’t â€Å"getting the hang of it,† or helping advanced students achieve their goals, never gets old. I have dedicated my career to helping students of all levels master the math skills and concepts they need to go on to college and everyday life beyond high school, and would love to continue that path with Mudville High School.  In my current position, I teach algebra, pre-calculus, and calculus to students in grades 9 through 12. Over my ten years of teaching, I’ve made it a point to stay up to date on the most current pedagogy and teaching methods, and use custom lesson planning to develop relevant curricula for students in order to maximize their engagement on complex concepts. I’ve also presented on curriculum planning at the National Federation of Teachers conference, and would bring that enthusiasm and expertise to your school .  I would love continue my career as an educator with Mudville Public Schools, with its strong reputation for putting students first. If you have any additional questions or if there’s any additional information I can provide, please don’t hesitate to let me know. I look forward to hearing more about this teaching opportunity.Bad letter body example:As a secondary math teacher for more than 10 years, I’ve found that my passion for (and commitment to teaching) have only grown with every year. Even with the complexities of the current educational landscape, the feeling of getting through to that student who just wasn’t â€Å"getting the hang of it,† or helping advanced students achieve their goals, never gets old. I have dedicated my career to helping students of all levels master the math skills and concepts they need to go on to college and everyday life beyond high school, and would love to continue that path with Mudville High School. In my cu rrent position, I teach algebra, pre-calculus, and calculus to students in grades 9 through 12. Over my ten years of teaching, I’ve made it a point to stay up to date on the most current pedagogy and teaching methods, and use custom lesson planning to develop relevant curricula for students in order to maximize their engagement on complex concepts. I’ve also presented on curriculum planning at the National Federation of Teachers conference, and would bring that enthusiasm and expertise to your school. I would love continue my career as an educator with Mudville Public Schools, with its strong reputation for putting students first. If you have any additional questions or if there’s any additional information I can provide, please don’t hesitate to let me know. I look forward to hearing more about this teaching opportunity.One of these letters is clear and readable. The other is not. If the reader can’t get through your letter and know several things about you right away, it decreases the odds that your resume will click with him or her- and may even prevent someone from looking at the attached resume at all.Once you’ve got the body of the letter in shape, all that’s left is the closing. Like the salutation, you want to err on the side of formal, but friendly.Good closing examples:Best wishes,  Sincerely,Bad examples:Thanks. (brusque tone)Fondest wishes, (too flowery)  [name- no greeting] (too abrupt)  Let me know, (too informal and oddly personal)And with that, you’ve got your cover letter! Teachers are taking on an incredible commitment, and that means that those hiring them are looking for the most put-together, obviously qualified applicants available. You can have an amazing resume, but if you aren’t making your case with your cover letter, you’re missing out on an opportunity to really set the narrative and the tone for your application.Let’s take a last look at the good sam ple cover letter as a whole:  Dear Principal Rodriquez,  As a secondary math teacher for more than 10 years, I’ve found that my passion for (and commitment to teaching) have only grown with every year. Even with the complexities of the current educational landscape, the feeling of getting through to that student who just wasn’t â€Å"getting the hang of it,† or helping advanced students achieve their goals, never gets old. I have dedicated my career to helping students of all levels master the math skills and concepts they need to go on to college and everyday life beyond high school, and would love to continue that path with Mudville High School.In my current position, I teach algebra, pre-calculus, and calculus to students in grades 9 through 12. Over my ten years of teaching, I’ve made it a point to stay up to date on the most current pedagogy and teaching methods, and use custom lesson planning to develop relevant curricula for students in order t o maximize their engagement on complex concepts. I’ve also presented on curriculum planning at the National Federation of Teachers conference, and would bring that enthusiasm and expertise to your school.I would love continue my career as an educator with Mudville Public Schools, with its strong reputation for putting students first. If you have any additional questions or if there’s any additional information I can provide, please don’t hesitate to let me know. Thanks for your consideration, and I look forward to hearing more about this teaching opportunity.  Sincerely,Rosemarie Jones

Disneyland Success and Failures in the international business market Research Paper

Disneyland Success and Failures in the international business market - Research Paper Example The theme parks and resorts of Disneyland provide a major source for the culture and brand of the company that the Disneyland Company has to protect. However, the management in 1990 nearly led to the collapse of the international company, due to poor management that affected the brand of Disneyland. Disneyland is a company that forged forward into the international business market a few years after its establishment in the year 1955. The company managed to establish itself firmly in the international market after it gained the favor of the public and the customers in its original situation in California. Walt brothers started the company that includes an amusement park, a theme park, and park resorts in several countries. The demand for the park grew that Disneyland had to expand to a bigger area in the United States. The motivation and determination of the company to expand into the international market could not have any deterrent, especially due to the intense demand by their potential customers in other countries (Chase & Apte, 2007). Disney land acts as a major tourist attraction. Its choice for a country to expand into had to have the consideration of the strength of the country to attract visitors and tourists into the country in large numbers. The company started with a strong concept, where the amusement parks had the integration with the famous children stories especially about fairy tales and other fantasies. The company has managed to sell the American idea of the fairy tales to all its customers, who find Disneyland an exciting and satisfying experience. The following research concentrates on the performance of Disneyland in the International business market. The company that offers exciting experiences to people of all ages has managed to expand to several countries. The performance in these countries

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Ethics - Essay Example Business does not exist independent of the society, and consequently politics. The participation and involvement of the businesses in the corrupt practices and policies of the governments has also been to some extent responsible for the developments which led to the ongoing protest movements that are challenging governments in the Middle-East. The emerging concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) calls for positive interactions on the part of the corporate entities with the communities in view of the fact that the companies are part of the communities and in turn the community is one of the stakeholders of the companies. Nasr, S. (2006) points out that if implementing corporate governance standards in joint venture companies has proven to be difficult, trying to apply them to family businesses is an even more difficult task. This is because such businesses are more about family than they are about business. The economy of the Middle East countries is dominated mostly by the f amily businesses. However, the broad picture emerging in a society is required to be well understood both by the family and professional entities for a sustainable development in the long run. ... e towards the environmental responsibility of the mankind, this aptly reflects the limits in terms of exploitation whether socially, economically or politically by the various vested interest groups. Blowfield, M & Murray, A. (2008, p.24) state â€Å"There are various ways of categorizing the main issues that fall under the corporate responsibility†. He has listed out Business ethics, Legal compliance, Philanthropy and community investment, Environmental management, Sustainability, Animal rights, Human rights, Worker rights and welfare, Market relations, Corruption and Corporate governance as prominent areas of corporate responsibility activity today. The agriculture and business are the cornerstones for development of the communities or societies in the world. The industrial development over the period of time has played an important role in the economic development of the countries relegating agriculture to the secondary place. Blowfield and Murray have placed business ethic s in the forefront as its corporate responsibility, and the influence of the business enterprises in the society and politics has been growing phenomenally over the period of time. The importance of business in the scheme of things has been further stressed by the phrase ‘Corruption and Corporate governance’ implying that corruption and corporate governance is closely interlinked. When we say corruption in the corporate companies, logically it is implied that the business influences ‘politics’ negatively by way of corruption to further their corporate interests. The business enterprises in the Middle East countries acting as a conduit for the movement of monies out of the countries to the safe havens have facilitated corruption in these countries perpetrated by the political forces.

The Performance Management Quandary Research Paper

The Performance Management Quandary - Research Paper Example Performance Management takes on multiple shapes and sizes in differing organizations and they are indeed different. Additionally, the firms with a high performing culture as expected utilize performance management methodologies and tools to their benefit a case which is not evident with the firms which are lower performers. However, performance management approaches must be appropriate for the firm’s size and business maturity. This is to ensure that the costs which would otherwise add onto the firm’s burden would be reduced drastically. Further, as Millennial enter and continue to dominate the mix of the workforce, organizations should prepare to modify their Performance Management strategy to accommodate the impatient parties. The performance management process and systems should align with the needs/desires of millennial group to make sure they stay to help the firms realize their objectives. Because of the diverse nature of most organizations and the objectives for improved performance by most organizations, one single form of performance management systems would not be appropriate hence from research we have several to be applied in an organization depending on the uniqueness of the organization. The available most frequently used types of management systems will include: - Ranking, Forced distribution, 360 degree feedback, competency based, management by objectives, Graphic Rating scales, Behavioral Anchored Rating Scales and many others. The types of performance management systems as stipulated below are all relevant systems which are geared towards enabling any given organization to bust their performance strategies as appropriate as possible. As a matter of fact, this forms of

Gender Differences in Communication | Essay

Gender Differences in Communication | Essay ‘For men and women, communication can be a very long drive, using different roads often to get to the same place.’ Men and women differ in many ways. They view the world through different lens. One of those differences is that they have different styles of communicating with others. Women are said to have expressive characteristics and men instrumental characteristics. There are lot of factors on which depend the way one communicate, such as where people are from, where they have been brought up, their educational background, their age and it surely depends on their gender. Communication is known as to be a two-way process involving individuals trying to seek mutual understanding. It does not involve only the process of exchanging information, news, ideas and feelings, but also helps to develop and share meaning. It generally connects people or places in society. In an organization, communication is an essential key function for the management of individual; it cannot operate effectively if there is no communication between the levels, departments and employees. Gender is an important factor that creates a gap between males and females. Gender refers to the attitudes, feelings and behavior that a given culture associates with one’s biological sex. Men and women know about the gender roles they have to adopt at a very early age. Most women and many men communicate differently and adopt different speech skills according to the situation they are facing, the purposes and the roles they have in society and at work. Gender differences emerge from both social and professional settings. Within an organization, gender is an important factor influencing communication. These gender differences in communication are often revealed during conflict, or even serve as a cataclysm for conflict. However, it is not only a threat to society and installs non-understanding at work. Those gender differences might benefit the whole society as well as the organization. The importance of communication maybe noticed in everyday life, for instance, a little connection can have a large impact and influence in one whole life. Communication problems can make a working environment unpleasant, uncomfortable and unproductive. The origin of conflicts that arouse can come from anything such as personal management styles, educational background to personality conflicts and cultural differences. In the book, Men are from Mars and Women from Venus, John Gray(2004) wrote: Men mistakenly expect women to think, communicate, and react the way men do; women mistakenly expect men to feel, communicate and respond the way women do. People tend to forget that men and women are supposed to be different. As a result the relationship between men and women is filled with unnecessary friction and conflict. He goes on saying that men and women are so different in their approaches to communication that they might come from different planet. They do not have similar goals, needs and values in their communication styles. One main difference he has highlighted is that men are goal-oriented; they define their sense of self through their ability to achieve results. On the other hand, women are relationship-oriented as they define their sense of self by their feelings and by the quality of their relationship. Males grow up learning some essential elements considered as being the center of masculinity, such as not being female, be successful, be aggressive, be sexual, be self-reliant, embody and transcend traditional views of masculinity (Wood, 2011). On the other hand, females are taught that appearance is important, showing sensitivity and care is a must, and that they should also expect negative treatment from others, superwoman abilities are anticipated and there is no single meaning of feminine. Wood believes that ‘through communication with others, we come to understand how society defines masculinity and feminity.’ Both men and women differ in the way they manage people and give orders. Many well-respected studies have shown that women have the tendency to soften their demands and statements, as compared to men who tend to be more direct. Women for example, use tag lines, phrases like ‘don’t you think’ preceding the presentation of an idea, ‘if you don’t mind’ following a demand or ‘this may be a crazy idea, but’ followed by a suggestion, trying to make their opinions and ideas be accepted and understood by others. Most women are conditioned by culture to maintain harmonious relationships with others. That condition is revealed in softened demands, constrained statements and a generally more tentative or lack confidence speech. In some circumstances, women tend to have direct conversation like men. This does not mean that the person is arrogant, bossy or feels superior compared to others but these are nothing more than learned ways of communicating. Another difference that has been brought up when talking about gender communication between men and women is that women most of the time ask more questions as compared to men. Asking questions have different meanings when it comes to gender differences. Men ask questions for only one reason; to gather information. For women, asking questions have purposes to gather information, but as it can be noticed, women will also ask questions when they already know the answer. The reason behind this is that they want to seek interest in what the other person has said to cultivate the relationship. The managing styles and the ways of asking questions bring up fundamental matters about women’s role in the workplace. There is nothing wrong in having different ways of communicating. Men have the perfect right to be more direct and ask fewer questions, while women and some men are simply more at ease with a softer style of communicating. The problems and conflicts then can emerge when those differences lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretations, which can sooner or later disrupt teamwork and even ruin someone’s opportunities for upward mobility. People should try to understand each other way of communicating and particular way of speaking in order to build better mixed gender teams. Someone may be crude. This does not mean that the person is cold, uncaring or uninvolved. On the other hand, a more tentative approach does not necessarily indicate a sign of weakness, fear or lack of confidence. People communicate the way they do, because they are taught to do so since the very beginning of their childhood. What really matters is that men and women give each other a chance, that they get to know what lies behind the communication style, and most important, that they resist the urge to jump to premature conclusions about the meaning of particular style. There are two main ways of studying gender differences in communication styles; the academic research and popular literature. Men and women differ psychologically in the way they act, from the style in which they communicate, to the way in which they attempt to influence others. The most obvious difference between men and women ways of communication comes to the fact that men and women view the use of conversation differently. Academic research on psychological gender differences has proved that women use language to promote social connections and create relationships, men use communication as a means to bring to bear dominance and achieve tangible goals. This is such as women are, overall, more expressive, tentative, and polite in conversation, while men are more assertive, and power hungry. (Basow Rubenfield, 2003) Popular works by John Gray and Deborah Tannen show that while men view conversations as a way of establishing and maintaining status and superiority in conversation, women see that the motivation behind communication is to create and foster an intimate bond with the other party by talking about tropical problems and issues they are communally facing. (Gray, 1990. Tannen, 1990) Other academic research stated that women are less used to powerful speech. They tend to swear less, speak more politely, and use more tag questions and intensifiers. (Lakoff, 1975) Women tend also to interrupt less than men do. Researchers have concluded that maybe it is because of their perceived lower status compared to men. (Thorne Henley, 1975) This can also be because of the societal norms which enforce this gender status hierarchy. Pearson, 1985 also bring up the fact that women often weaken their statements. One explanation he gave for this is their low self-confidence in what they are saying and their fear of being wrong, which can be associated to their perceived inferior status to male managers in the workplace. Some theorists have given their point of view on the gender communication differences. They have suggested that these styles of communicating put are disadvantageous for women when they interact with others. The breakdown in communication occurs because men and women occupy different roles in society. Social roles are reflected through language and demonstrate unequal relations based on gender. The man’s language is discriminatory toward women and this leaves the impression that men are more capable and confident as leaders. (Lakoff, 1975) Gender communication difference is a worldwide issue. Communication between men and women differ in many ways, affecting their speech and outcomes. In Japan, men and women have different ways of communicating. Women in Japan speak more politely as compared to men. The Japanese language features elements that make women’s speech sound polite and feminine. In the meanwhile, men’s speech sound less polite and masculine. The language difference between genders reinforces Japanese social norms. Where women are the subordinates of men. In England modern society, it would therefore appear that women  are equal with men. However the harsh reality tells us that women are not provided with an equal opportunity even for discussion, due to the fact that the two sexes respectively command different communication styles. In other words, the language women use is different from the one that men use. Tabooed words and slang can be found more frequently in men’s language than in women’s though they are of the same educational level. For example, ‘Get a life, Facts be damned’. Men and women have been socialized within their gender roles since the very beginning of childhood. The educational level does not determined the communication styles of both men and women. ICT Project: Failure And Success Factors ICT Project: Failure And Success Factors The monthly news papers announce the ICT project are developed, failures of astronomical proportions in developed and developing countries. For failure of the project the common reasons are delay in deadline, cost overburden, and some of the projects will not reach the expectation levels. In developing countries the ICT literature shows that the planning and management of projects has a very poor record, the issues for failure of ICT projects can be analyzed by assuming that learning from IS failures will provide the important lessons for formulating the success plan for the planning, developing, implementation and management of information system While discussing dimensions of ICT failure, both horizontal and vertical dimensions of the informatics model considers by Beynon-Davies. The difference between development failure and use failure is expressed in terms of horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension expressed the failure at the level of ICT systems, IS project, or organisation, or at the level of the external environment. There are six types of IS failure are Identified listed below Technical failure Project failure Organizational failure Environmental failure Developmental failure Use failure Beynon-Davies supports the argument with several case studies and quotes other models for IS failure Factors for failure: The failure factors will occur when the proper implementation of ICT projects in government. These factors can be barrier or inhibitors by these factors as observed in this section can be social-culture, institutional and political, funding, infrastructure and technology. Barriers can be considered as those occurrences that hinder ICT implementation some of those factors for failure Infrastructure Finance Poor data system and lack of compatibility Skilled personnel Leadership style, culture Attitudes Inhibitors do not necessarily prevent the implementation of the ICT projects but they do prevent advancement and restrict successful implementation and sustainability. Some of these factors for failures user needs technology coordination ICT policy Transfer of ICT idolisers Donor push Those above factors are used for the purpose of design a theoretical framework (ref 1) Partial failure of an idea, in which main objectives are unattained or in which there are significant undesirable outcomes. Connected with partial failure is the sustainability failure where a project first succeeds but is then abandoned after a year or so. Sustainability Failure Model (partial failure) This model provides a better structure for examining sustainability longitudinally. There is five principal consist of sustainability failures, they are listed below: Financial/economic sustainability failures : Example: if the client supported program loses its funding after some fixed time of process and has to shutdown. Cultural/social sustainability failures: Example: from the project some stakeholders will gain but others are hurt. This tension is not reasonable over time and results in the subsequent sustainability failure. Technological sustainability failure: Example: The field hardware and software are outdated and no longer companionable with the equipment within the central offices. These also look at the importance of the content provided. Political failure: Example: the local winner leaves and without larger institutional arrangements in place the project fails. Environmental sustainability failure: Example: if the project will lose their usefulness then the project plan could be reusable, if the projects without plans for reusing then the environmental sustainability failure. . Critical Success and Critical Failure Factor Model: The CSF and CFF model will explain success or failure of an ICT projects can be understand in terms of several CSF and CFF factors. Ten critical factors can be organized listed below Information factors relating to provision of content Technical factors such as user-friendliness of hardware and software, the capacity of use different hardware and software platforms, etc People factors such as availability of knowledge persons, proper guidance in use of hardware and software, etc Management factors, such as proper administration and organizational practices for bringing the required modifications through ICT projects Process factors, such as desired changes or to make the project successful in reaching its objectives a new process will design Cultural factors, such as improvement in organizational culture for successful implementation of new projects Structural factors, such as structural inflexibility in traditional organizational structures that may be a cause for failure of ICT projects Strategic factors, such as assessments that cover a wide range of services Political factors, such as political and stakeholders support Environmental factors, such as changes in the overall external environment of the project : The ten critical factors categories into seven critical dimensions: they are Technology, Information, Processes, Objectives and values, Staffing and skills, Management and structures, and other resources. This framework requirement consider the gaps that exist in the design of the project and the authenticity along these seven dimensions (ref 2) CASE STYDY: Gyandoot project The Gyandoot project started in the year 2000, the government of Madhya Pradesh initiates this project. The aim of the project is to set up intranet based kiosk in villages to providing information about the agricultural practices and update the market prices and also providing some Government services like cast and income certificates online application, land records copies, and online systems to know about the computer awareness and access all this services. This project is failed to reach its goal and the user usage is low. Reasons for the failure of the project The back end processes is not computerized In the rural areas lack of supporting ICT infrastructure, In proper plans for better services delivery Financial problems for the owned kiosks Lack of relevant content critical Lack of Computerization of the back-end processes: The Gyandoot project has computerized only front-end but not the back end. The management is not yet successful in the electronically transmitting the services request to all departments from its intranet server. Almost all transaction are handled manually at the back end of the Gyandoot intranet server, because all govt departments currently perform their tasks manually Example: The citizen will submit the online application and waiting at telekisok for a response, but at the back end the government department levels are not computerised so they will print out the application or request or complaints and send to the government department to further action, after receiving report from the govt departments the data entry operators will enter the response in the gyandoot intranet. For this process the time frame is seven days To make better and speed service response time, the all departments required to undertake the significant changes reengineering exercise to improve the information process methods and quality of services, that will possible when all departments introduce the computers in the different departments levels. The gyandoot smaiti have the authority and financial power to change the individual departments the authority exists only with the state government (ref 3) Lack of supporting ICT infrastructure in the villages: Introducing E-government project in any poor rural area it is a huge challenge of the technology point of view. Presently there is lack of supporting infrastructure available for Soochnalaya as all of the Soochanalayas (Kiosk) are in villages. In the DhÄ r district the Tele-communication infrastructure is quite low and telekisoks are unable to provide the voice services and electric power supply is less, the systems and kiosks are working with the help of the UPS which having battery and the capacity to work four hours if it is charged fully. It takes eight to ten hours to charge but most of the villages current supply will break down every three or four hours. A number of technical approaches to provide the basic network were initially evaluated. Gyandoot rejected both LAN and VAST approaches as being too costly and using dial-up network using modems over existing telephone lines which is not speed and many times the connection will break down in between a process. And the pr ocess will get delay due to weak connectivity, that connection was found to be unreliable and many kiosks are suffering huge problems of connecting to the intranet server (ref 4) Lack of relevant content is critical: The farmers are getting loss for not updating the market prices and they are selling the outdated prices and the number of services offers by kiosk but only some of them are using, the information should be in local language then the user can easily understand, and the user can visit Soochanalaya to know the update information about the agriculture, and market price etc, if the content is in local language then the women can understand the information about the healthcare and childcare and to increasing the usage of Soochanalaya Issues The kiosks made up with low investment because infrastructure bottlenecks, and the slow network is using which is dialup connectivity and not stable power supply at least 6- 8 hours power supply will be cut so for working the kiosks added additional power backup, the availability of electrical power determines the times during which the soochanalaya can be opened. Encourage the privately owned kiosk owner to offer other services like computer training, photocopying and public telephone to cover the loss of revenue, so that the owner can focus on other services. In Dhar district the awareness of the gyandoot still quite low level among the villagers, especially the poor and labours, in spite of significant media attention and publicity in Dhar district, the 60% of the non-users did not use gyandoot because they thing that no need, and 35% of people are not aware about the services offered by gyandoot and 5% of citizen have negative impression about the gyandoot. Even though grievance filing has been structured through a list of options, many complaints are sent using the e-mail facility in local languages, which make them difficult or impossible to address. Transfer of senior staffs: the main key factors of the project is the initial team of the project and the team of the district officer has conceived the plan and implemented it and they know the total project but once the government official is getting transferred and the new members will come and takes a time to understand the project (process) and slowly reverted to their unresponsive attitude to citizens. (ref 5) The govt of MP could be including these techniques to make project success: (in my opinion) May it is possibly to judge the viability of the gyandoot system, it take some time in the rural areas. To building awareness about the project and the usage of the ICT application in rural areas may take more time than expected by the project team. This holds true especially when the value proposition for the citizen is weak as in the case of gyandoot project in which one part of the entire process is computerized, To provide speed service, the district level department need to computerize and significantly reengineering in terms of having built up software application that processes and monitors the progress of applications or complaints received. The roles and responsibilities of government officers need to be clearly divided. In each department, IT enthusiasts could be recognized who could be in charge for a complete end-to-end delivery of a service to the citizen. In the Gyandoot project the dial-up telephone lines is using to connect the gyanddot intranet and district head quarters, which is slow process and interrupt in between the process. If wifi or LAN will use in the place of dial-up telephone lines then the project might be success in speed delivery, update information , The women user is not visiting the gyandoot soochanalaya, but some services will very useful to women like healthcare and childcare, few experiment have to designed to encourage them to visit the kiosk. Example: there is an online contest of finding the healthiest child, so the mother bring the children of one to three years of age to the kiosks and provide all relevant data online to district headquarters, the selection was made from the basic data received from all the kiosks and result will announce in the kiosk intranet. My opinion about the gyandoot project failed: This factors might be reasons for failure of gyandoot project: Literacy: The literacy percentage in INDIA is low especially in rural areas the literacy percentage is very low this might be a reason for the ICT project failures, and the citizen have no idea about the services provided by the projects like in the case of the Gyandoot project in Dhar district, in Dhar district the literacy rate is very low and the people dont know about the services offered by the Gyandoot Soochanalaya. Womens (users and soochak) This could be a reason for the Gyandoot project failure, not encouraging womens to work as Soochak(manage person), because there is a some useful services for womens like healthcare, childcare, etc if the manage person is women then she can attract the user(womens) and explain about the services that offered by Gyandoot Soochanalaya Trust: Trust is one of the social concept that helps the service centres (soochanalaya), the service provider and user need to trust each other, to develop the user trust the Soochanalaya need to provide speed service and update information and also provide some free services to attract the user and develop the user trust. In the gyandoot project the user trust is low because delay in work, not updating market prices, etc Management: The management should maintain the Soochanalaya, and update the information up to date, if any new service is included in gyandoot then the management have to arrange the meeting with soochak and explain about the service, so that soochak can inform to user about the service and benefits. In the case of gyandoot project the management has failed to update the information up to date. (Market prices has not updated on up to date for that framers getting loss with selling old price) Staff and skill: The staff should be well trained about the IT and uses of the technology, so that they can provide good service and trained the rural people to aware about the computer and technology, so that they can easily use all services which are available on internet. The govt official the staff changes then appoint the trained staff to easily understand the projects. But in the case of gyandoot project in place of old district officer appoint a new district officers, and he/she had took a good time to understood the whole process and delay in the service providing to citizen Language: the literacy is poor in the rural areas and some citizen can read only in the local language, and in the rural areas people are unaware about the internet and its uses, and the internet is dominated by the English language this also a reasons for the ICT projects failures in rural areas. Communication: the communication gap between the employees and users might be a reason for project failure, Example: the employs have to communicate with each other so that they can develop the knowledge and skills, if the employs have good communication with government departments then the services will speed and with the communication only we can develop the trust and explain about the services available in the project so the usage of the services will increase. Conclusion: The number of ICT project failure in developed and developing countries, and it is not possible to judge the project is success/failure on the basic factors like technical, organizational, etc. If the user satisfies the services provided from the project and its usage always helps the project to move towards success, some project are completed within the time and budget but failure to reach the objective (goals) or the project is completed within the time and budget and reach it all requirements but, lack adaptability at the present condition this is also one reason for the project failure To develop a successful project the Project Manager should have a clear vision and proper planning. And the developing part of the project should be clear (means easily understand the process) if the client requested to merging with new technologies then reusing the developed plans and add the new technologies softwares, and no one can judge the IT project is success or failure It depends upon the end user satisfaction. Like in the gyandoot project, the project completed in time and on budget but the user usage is quite low, and the users are not satisfied with services.